Acta Scientifica Malaysia (ASM)

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, or ANCA, are important bio marker used to help doctors diagnose, predict how a disease might progress, and choose the best treatment for conditions called ANCA-associated vasculitides. These conditions include granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Finding problems early is important because it helps doctors choose the right treatments, stops organs from getting hurt, and helps predict when a condition might come back. Indirect immunofluorescence (IFI) remains the most effective method for identifying specific patterns, like cytoplasmic (c-ANCA), perinuclear (p-ANCA), and other uncommon staining patterns. But IFI on its own doesn’t target specific antigens. Immunodot assays use IFI to detect antibodies against PR3, MPO, ΒΡΙ, elastase, and cathepsin G, which helps in making more accurate diagnoses and identifying the specific antibodies present. In Morocco, there aren’t many set steps for doing ANCA tests, which leads to less uniform understanding in medical settings. This study looked at 249 blood samples from CHU Mohammed VI in Marrakech to check how well IFI and Immunodot tests work, how consistent their results are, and how reliable they are. A new combined diagnostic process that uses IFI, Immunodot, and clinical information was suggested to make results more accurate, reduce unclear outcomes, and create a consistent method for lab standards. Our results show that using these methods improves the accuracy of testing, makes lab work more efficient, and sets up a good starting point for spreading this approach across hospitals in Morocco.